Does Medicare Cover Glaucoma Screenings?

Even though Original Medicare does not cover routine eye exams, Medicare Part B medical insurance will cover one glaucoma screening every year if you are at high risk for the condition. Medicare Advantage plans will also cover annual glaucoma screenings but may offer additional vision benefits.

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Terry Turner
Terry Turner
Senior Financial Writer and Financial Wellness Facilitator
Terry Turner has more than 35 years of journalism experience, including covering benefits, spending and congressional action on federal programs such as Social Security and Medicare. He is a Certified Financial Wellness Facilitator through the National Wellness Institute and the Foundation for Financial Wellness and a member of the Association for Financial Counseling & Planning Education (AFCPE®).
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Lee Williams
Lee Williams
Senior Financial Editor
Lee Williams is a professional writer, editor and content strategist with 10 years of professional experience working for global and nationally recognized brands. He has contributed to Forbes, The Huffington Post, SUCCESS Magazine, AskMen.com, Electric Literature and The Wall Street Journal. His career also includes ghostwriting for Fortune 500 CEOs and published authors.
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Reviewed By
Aflak Chowdhury
Aflak Chowdhury
Medicare Expert
Aflak Chowdhury is a Medicare expert and independent insurance broker specializing in group health insurance. He has worked for major providers including Humana and Principal Financial Group and today works mainly in the small group market.
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Published: November 17, 2020
Updated: January 17, 2023
5 min read time
This page features 9 Cited Research Articles

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When Does Medicare Cover Glaucoma Screenings?

Medicare Part B medical insurance covers glaucoma tests once every 12 months if you meet Medicare’s definition of being at high risk for developing glaucoma.

People at High Risk for Glaucoma

African-Americans age 50 or older
Hispanics age 65 or older
People who have been diagnosed with diabetes
People who have a family history of glaucoma

Medicare will not cover a glaucoma test unless the screening is done by an eye doctor who is legally permitted by the state where it’s done to conduct a glaucoma test or supervise it.

How Much Will Medicare Pay for Your Glaucoma Screening?

Medicare will pay 80 percent of the cost once you have met your Medicare Part B deductible. You will have to pay 20 percent of the Medicare-approved amount for the screening.

If the screening takes place in a hospital outpatient facility, you will also have to pay a copayment.

Costs for glaucoma tests vary by doctor and depend on the type and number of tests a doctor may perform. You should talk with your doctor or other health care provider before the test to find out how much it will cost and whether Medicare will cover a portion of the screening.

Factors That May Affect Medicare Coverage of Glaucoma Screenings

How much your doctor charges: Medicare approves a certain price for the services it covers. If the price is higher than that, your share of the cost will be protected only if the doctor accepts assignment from Medicare for the glaucoma test.
Whether your doctor accepts assignment: Accepting assignment means that your doctor or other health care provider agrees to accept the Medicare-approved amount for the glaucoma screening as payment in full for the test. If the doctor does not accept assignment, your out-of-pocket costs may be higher and you may have to submit any claim to Medicare yourself.
Other insurance: If you have other health insurance, Medicare may be the secondary payer. That means your other insurance will pay first for the glaucoma screening and Medicare will pay second. This could affect your out-of-pocket expenses.
Type of facility where the test is done: Medicare Part B — which covers glaucoma screenings — pays for medical services generally performed outside a hospital setting. If the screening is done in a hospital or a hospital outpatient setting, Medicare Part B will not cover as much of the costs and you will have higher out-of-pocket expenses.
Where you get the glaucoma screening: If you have a Medicare Advantage plan, it will most likely have a network of doctors and other health care providers. If you go outside that network, you will most likely have to pay a larger share or all costs for the screening. Check with your plan to make sure you’re covered.

What Are Glaucoma Screenings?

Glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness in people over 60. It occurs when fluid builds up in the front part of the eye. The fluid increases pressure and damages the optic nerve.

It can be prevented, but requires routine glaucoma screenings to detect it early, according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

A comprehensive glaucoma screening typically requires five types of tests measuring different factors that may indicate whether you have glaucoma, according to the Glaucoma Research Foundation.

Tests Used in a Comprehensive Glaucoma Examination

Tonometry: Tonometry is the glaucoma test most people are familiar with. Drops numb the eye and the doctor uses a puff of air to measure the inner pressure of the eye.
Pachymetry: A pachymetry measures the thickness of your cornea — the clear part at the front of your eye — by placing a device called a pachymeter on the cornea. It only takes about a minute to measure both eyes. The thickness of the cornea can help measure the pressure in the eye.
Ophthalmoscopy: An ophthalmoscopy checks the shape and color of the optic nerve. Drops dilate the eye and the doctor uses a device that lights and magnifies the eye to see if the optic nerve is the proper shape and color. If not, the doctor may order two other tests — gonioscopy and perimetry.
Gonioscopy: A gonioscopy measures the angle at which the iris meets the cornea to see if the iris is wide and open or narrow and closed. Drops numb the eye and the doctor uses a contact lens with a mirror to check for two types of glaucoma.
Perimetry: Perimetry requires you look straight ahead as a dot of light flashes in different spots around your field of vision. It allows the doctor to map your vision. These are usually done twice a year to check for changes in your vision.

Regular eye exams feature just two of these tests: tonometry and ophthalmoscopy. But you may need to take a more comprehensive examination featuring more or all of these glaucoma tests.

Glaucoma is often difficult to diagnose and the tests can zero in on an accurate diagnosis. But you still may be referred to a glaucoma specialist if your examining doctor can’t gather enough information to make a diagnosis.

Original Medicare, Medicare Advantage and Vision Coverage

Original Medicare — Medicare Part A and Part B — does not cover most vision services. There are a few exceptions.

Vision Services Covered by Original Medicare

Glaucoma tests once a year if you are at high risk for glaucoma
Tests once a year for diabetic retinopathy if you have diabetes
Certain tests and treatment for age-related macular degeneration

For the most part, Original Medicare will not cover routine eye exams for glasses or contact lenses.

Medicare Advantage plans are required to cover everything Original Medicare covers. But these plans may have additional benefits, including vision coverage.

When choosing a Medicare Advantage plan, you should make sure it includes vision coverage if that’s important to you.

Last Modified: January 17, 2023